劉基詩 A poem about a mythological story
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【朝代】
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明
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【作者】
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祝允明 |
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【摘要】
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這幅字帖則是祝允明寫劉基的〈兩鬼詩〉。就詩作的文字來看，是一首描寫神話故事的詩，詩作首先描寫盤古開天地並化成日月星辰、山川風土等傳說，在盤古開天之後，天帝命結鄰和鬱儀二鬼掌管日、月的運行，而這首詩的重點就在這二鬼上，描寫管理日月的結鄰、鬱儀二鬼，被天帝暫放人間，50年不得相見，後來宇宙變動，二鬼見面後相約為天帝除翳，再造乾坤。天帝大怒，重將二鬼拘囚。二鬼無可奈何，只好等待天帝息怒，重返天上同遊。詩中二鬼隱喻自己和宋濂，曲折地表現了在朱元璋猜忌壓抑下的苦悶，以及再整朝綱的抱負。二鬼有才能，忠於天帝，但天帝不分好壞，不明是非，捉了二鬼，養在銀絲鐵柵內。二鬼被懷疑、管束、監禁，可是二鬼的心態依然樂觀，期待天帝息怒之後，解開對他們的誤會，他們就可以像以前一樣在天地之間遊歷。由此反映出劉基的心態是儘管他對陷害他的小人非常了解，但是在他被陷害時，他還是對支持小人的皇帝朱元璋，存有幻想，幻想著君臣二人的關係還是可以回到以前那麼好的時候。所以，這首詩雖然是在描寫神話故事，但是其實是在藉題發揮，訴說自己真正的心情。另外，雖然是以神話故是為題材，但是除了盤古是神話人物外，二鬼則是劉基自己創造的神話人物，主要用意是投射自己對國家、君王的忠心不二的心情。 |
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【賞析】
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劉基，字伯溫，諡文成，溫州文成縣南田人（舊屬青田縣）。元末明初軍事家、政治家及詩人，通經史、曉天文、精兵法。他以輔佐朱元璋完成帝業、開創明朝並使盡力保持國家的安定，因而馳名天下，被後人比作為諸葛亮。朱元璋多次稱劉基為：「吾之子房也。」 |
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A poem about a mythological story
Chu Yunming, Ming Dynasty
Inside Story This calligraphy was transcribed from a poem written by Liu Chi. The poem is about a mythological story. It begins with the legend of Panku, depicts how he initiated the sky and the ground as well as how he formed the sun, the moon, stars, mountains, wind and land. After Panku initiated the sky and the ground Tienti ordered two ghosts, Chiehlin and Yuyi, to control the motion of the sun and the moon. The priority of the poem lies in the optimism of the two ghosts. Despite the fact Tienti distrusted them, restrained their mobility and sent them to prison, which was caused by misunderstanding, they waited for Tienti to ease his anger and leave behind his misunderstanding with them so that they could wander around between the sky and the ground like before. In fact, the hidden message of the poem is to reflect Chu Yunming’s loyalty to his country and the emperor.
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