(前) 赤壁賦 Ode for Chih-Bi
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【朝代】
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宋
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【作者】
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蘇軾 |
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【摘要】
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〈前赤壁賦〉寫于元豐五年(1082)七月，這時蘇軾謫居黃州已近四年。無辜遇害，長期被貶，鬱憤之情，實在難免。但又能坦然處之，以達觀的胸懷尋求精神上的解脫，不被頹唐厭世的消沈情緒所壓倒。所以在這篇賦中自言愁，而又自解其愁，便反映了這種複雜的心情。此賦主要抒寫月夜泛舟赤壁的感受，從泛舟而遊寫到枕舟而臥，利用主客對話的形式提出矛盾、解決矛盾，深微曲折地透露出作者的隱憂，同時也表現了曠達的人生態度。文中「客人」之悲由三方面的感觸產生：一是赤壁一帶的江山觸發他想到歷史上的英雄人物，當年何等英雄，而今安在？何況吾輩漁樵江渚之上！二是由江水無窮想到人生須臾，渺如滄海一粟。三是要擺脫現實處境，最後他為「客人」指出出路：到大自然中去尋求精神上的寄託。 |
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【賞析】
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顯然，賦中客人和蘇子的話都反映了作者的思想意識。他所談的人生哲理，有合理的積極的一面，但也含有佛老思想中隨遇而安、惟與自然相適的消極因素。因而「客人」的話卻很真實地反映了作者內心的痛苦，所以當他把手書的〈前赤壁賦〉寄給好友欽之時，特地寫信叮囑道：「多難畏事，欽之愛我，必深藏之不出也。」 |
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Ode for Chih-Bi
Su Shih, Sung Dynasty
Inside Story While writing the first Chih-Bi-Fu Su, Shih was in depression due that he had been set up and expelled for a long period of time. However he was able to release from negative emotions and found spiritual freedom by opening his heart. He was not defeated by the dejected feelings toward his surroundings. In the article he expressed his sadness and then again he was able to solve his problems, and such a complicated emotion was reflected in his writing. He wrote about his feeling on boating under the moon at night. He wrote how he rowed the boat and then fell asleep in that boat. He brought up his contradiction as well as solution in a form of making conversations and he revealed his worry in a slightly curving way, yet he also showed his carefree attitude toward life.
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